Sociology Plus
Democratic Elitism Definition
Democratic elitism describes a power configuration where formal electoral arrangements exist for public voting, yet actual power is concentrated within competing factions of the elite who vie for support from subordinate groups. This arrangement allows rulers to maintain the outward appearance of a democratic system while concentrating authority for their own benefit. The legitimacy of this structure is often established through the maintenance of hegemonic social relationships among the ruling class.
Theoretical Scope
The theory of democratic elitism posits that participation in complex modern societies is inevitably limited to periodic elections for political leaders. Consequently, it is frequently used as an alternative term for plural elitism.
Criticisms and Challenges
This perspective has faced challenges from theorists who argue for a form of ‘developmental participation’. These critics emphasise the possibility of expanding democratic capacities beyond mere electoral participation, suggesting a trajectory where democratic engagement can evolve over time. Examples of such challenges include the work of Bachrach (1967).