Casework

Casework Definition

Casework is a method employed in social work and counselling that involves investigating, providing care, and offering advice. It fundamentally requires examining an individual’s current personal difficulties within the broader context of their personal history. A crucial element of this practice is maintaining detailed records of interactions between the social worker and the client, which serves to illuminate the complex interplay of causes and effects underlying the client’s present problems.

Origins and Development

Casework is regarded as one of the earliest and most widely discussed methodologies within the field of social work. It was initially pioneered by Octavia Hill in the London Charity Organization Society in 1869, although it received its first systematic articulation through Mary Richmond’s influential book, Social Diagnosis, published in 1917.

Theoretical Context

While casework places significant emphasis on addressing the specific needs and problems of the individual, it possesses an affinity for various theoretical traditions, including psychoanalysis. It stands as one of the major methodological approaches within social work, alongside group work and community work.

Distinction from Other Methods

Casework is distinguished by its focus on the individual client’s narrative and history. This contrasts with other methods: group work involves the social worker facilitating activities for a small group facing similar difficulties, whereas community work positions the practitioner in a neighbourhood area to act as a mobiliser and resource for local activists.