AGIL

American sociologist Talcott Parsons developed the AGIL paradigm as a sociological framework in the 1950s. It is a systematic representation of specific societal requirements that must be met by every culture to maintain social order. The Structure of Social Action, written by Parsons, describes his action theory, which includes the AGIL paradigm. Parsons said every system is sustained by the AGIL system, which comprises four functional imperatives.

Adaptation (A) 

A system’s ability to adapt to its surroundings is known as its adaptive function. Offering more temporary facilities and acquiring sufficient resources is what adaptation is all about, regardless of how relevant they are to any given goal.

Goal-attainment (G) 

It has to do with how a system establishes and accomplishes its objectives. It speaks to the issue of allocating resources inside the system to prioritize system objectives and achieve them. This component turns on and directs the other elements in a specific direction.

Integration (I) 

The parts of the system are kept in check by the integrative function. The set of legal norms and the related legal system is the primary focus of the integrative process in a highly differentiated society. The system is most concerned about the distribution of rights and liabilities. The center of each particular social system’s unique elements and mechanisms is its integrative function.

Parsons defined integration as coordinating, adjusting, and regulating interactions among different actors or units inside the system to eliminate mutual interference and maintain system functionality. The judicial system is the social organization primarily in charge of this overt coordination.

Latency (L) or pattern maintenance 

It speaks about the aspects of culture that produce and maintain motivation and the stimulation of both.

Pattern maintenance and tension control are two related issues in latency. The first aspect deals with the issue of how to ensure that social system players exhibit good traits, such as motivations, needs, and role-playing abilities. At the same time, the second aspect focuses on resolving the internal conflicts and strains of social system players.